Conclusion

Stepping back from the detail of earlier chapters, this concluding chapter refocuses on the arguments being threaded through the earlier chapters. The Canadian human security “freedom from fear” approach is needed when developing transnational legal frameworks to combat human trafficking. There is a need to operationalise existing legal provisions, whether these are in the main human trafficking legal texts or supporting legal provisions. Gaps in the current legal frameworks need to be addressed. The problems with a state security framing when addressing the crime of human trafficking is also addressed. The distinctive issues arising from forced or compulsory labour are addressed. The specific concerns about child trafficking and victim protection are also addressed.