Influence of exercise-induced energy deficit on non-exercise activity thermogenesis in overweight and obese adults

Energy balance is a dynamically regulated system and perturbing one of its components (reduction in energy intake (EI) or increase in energy expenditure (EE)) can result in biological and behavioural compensatory responses of unpredictable magnitude elsewhere in the system. In fact, exercise-induced EE can elicit compensatory changes in EI and/or non-exercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT), which consequently attenuate the
energy gap between EI and EE. Although compelling evidence suggests that exercise mediated changes in NEAT seem to be subject to large inter-individual variance, research investigating the impact of biological sex on exercise-induced modulation of NEAT is lacking. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of an exercise induced energy deficit on NEAT in overweight and obese men and women.