The legal reach of police and judicial co-operation in criminal matters (PJCCM) measures across EU borders: extraterritoriality, territorial extension and the ‘Brussels effect’

Extraterritoriality, territorial effect and the Brussels effect are becoming key instruments for the analysis of the EU’s external commercial provisions. Extra territoriality and extra-territorial effect of EU law can be seen in the bi-lateral agreements under the EU’s European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP), Euro-Mediterranean (Euro-Med) policy. These, together with the Brussels effect concept, as developed by Bradford, should together shed light on the impact which the exportation of EU ex. PJCCM norms are having on the shifting borders of European internal security. The extent to which the EU uses extraterritoriality, and territorial extension, both contractual and non-contractual, and the extent to which the phenomena of the Brussels effect concept are seen will be highly relevant to the EU’s external relations in the ex. PJCCM matters developed in the future. This chapter introduces this form of analysis to the legal framework of the ex. PJCCM measures, in the context of the shifting borders of European internal security.